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Vajani |
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A
Kind Of Pyjama (q. V.), Worn In Kutch And Saurashtra, Often Richly
Embroidered.
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Valenciennes
Lace
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A
Flat Bobbin Lace With The Same Fine Threads Used For Both The Ground
And The Design. |
| Variable
Cut Device |
An
Ancillary Device On The Crush-cutting Type Of Converter (see
Converting) Which Cyclically Varies The Angle Of Approach Of The Tow
To The Cutting Region In Order To Introduce A Controlled Variation
Of Fibre Length.
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| Vat
Dye |
A
Water-insoluble Dye, Usually Containing Keto Groups Which Is
Normally Applied To The Fibre From An Alkaline Aqueous Solution Of
The Reduced Enol ( Leuco) Form, And Which Is Subsequently Oxidized
In The Fibre To The Insoluble Form.
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| Veiling |
A
General Term For A Large Variety Of Light, Open Fabrics Used For
Such Purposes As Bridal Veils, Dress Trim, Evening Wear, Or
Millinery.
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| Velour |
A
Knit Or Woven Fabric With A Soft , Short Thick Nap Made By Brushing
And Shearing. Knit Velours Are Used In Women's Tops And Sportswear.
Wovens Are Usually Heavier In Weight And Used For Coats, Jackets,
Drapery.
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| Velvet |
A
Woven Fabric With A Thick, Dense Cut Pile, A Soft Texture And A Rich
Appearance. May Be Made By 2 Different Methods A) 2 Layers Of Fabric
With Connecting Threads Are Cut Apart Or B) Warp Threads Are Lifted
Over Wires During Weaving Forming Loops, And The Loops Are Cut When
The Wires Are Withdrawn. Velvet May Be Plain, Or The Pile May Be
Flattened, Embossed, Crushed, Or Sculptured. Originally Made Of Silk
But Now Also Made Of Nylon, Rayon, Acrylic, And Other Fibers . Used
For Dresses, Evening Wear, Drapery, Upholstery.
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| Velveteen |
A
Woven Fabric Generally Of Cotton Or A Cotton Blend With A Short,
Dense Pile Resembling Velvet. Velveteen Differs From Velvet In That
It Is Usually Made With Cotton, It Generally Has A Shorter Pile And
It Is A Filling Pile Fabric Whereas Velvet Is A Warp Pile Fabric .
Used For Women's Wear, Drapery, Upholstery.
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| Velvety |
A
Soft Plush, Dense, Hand Suggesting Velvet.
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| Venetian |
A
Warp Faced, Strong, Heavy Sateen With A High Luster.
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| Venetian
Lace |
A
Needlepoint Lace Usually In A Floral Pattern With Picot Edgings..
Also Called Venise Lace. Or Venetian Point.
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| Vest
Or Veste |
In
The 17th And 18th Centuries A Man's Garment Worn Under The
Justaucorps, Generally In Rich Material. Originally Almost As Long
As The Coat, The Vest Was Gradually Shortened And Simplified Until,
In The Middle Of The Reign Of Louis Xv, It Became The Waistcoat.
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| Vicuna |
The
Undercoat Hair Of The Vicuna, An Animal Of The Llama Group Of The
Camel Family. It Produces A Softer And Finer Fabric Than Can Be
Obtained With Any Other Wool Or Hair.
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| Vinal
(fibre) (US) |
A
Term Used To Describe Manufactured Fibres In Which The Fibre-forming
Substance Is Any Long-chain Synthetic Polymer Composed Of At Least
50% By Weight Of Ethenol (vinyl Alcohol) Units And In Which The
Total Of The Ethenol Units And Any One Or More Of Various Acetal
Units Is At Least 85% By Weight Of The Fibre. The Iso Generic Name
Is Vinylal.
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Vinylal
(fibre) (generic Name)
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A
Term Used To Describe Fibres Composed Of Synthetic Linear
Macromolecules Of Polyethenol (poly Vinyl Alcohol) Of Differing
Levels Of Acetalization.
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| Vinyon
(fibre) (USA) |
A
Term Used To Describe Manufactured Fibres In Which The Fibre Forming
Substance Is Any Long-chain Synthetic Polymer Composed Of At Least
85% By Weight Of Chloroethene (vinyl Chloride) Units.
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Virago
Sleeves
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Mid
17th Century Sleeves On Female Gowns And Jackets That Were Paned And
Tied Into A Series Of Puffs. |
| Viscose |
The
Solution Obtained By Dissolving Sodium Cellulose Xanthate In A
Dilute Solution Of Sodium Hydroxide (caustic Soda).
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Viscose
(fibre) (generic Name )
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A
Term Used To Describe Fibres Of Regenerated Cellulose Obtained By
The Viscose Process. |
| Viscosity |
The
Internal Resistance To Flow Of A Fluid. The Unit Of Viscosity Is The
Pascal Second. Note 1: The Viscosity Of A Solution Of A Polymer Is
Commonly Expressed In One Of The Following Ways: (a) Viscosity
Ratio: The Ratio Of The Viscosity Of A Solution To The Viscosity Of
The Pure Solvent (formerly Known As Relative Viscosity). (b)
Specific Viscosity: The Viscosity Ratio Less Unity. (c) Limiting
Viscosity Number: The Value Obtained By Extrapolating, To Zero
Concentration, The Ratio Of The Specific Viscosity Of A Solution To
The Concentration Of The Solute (formerly Known As Intrinsic
Viscosity). Note 2: Some Fluids Such As Size Mixings Exhibit
Anomalous Viscosity Effects And Cannot Therefore Be Characterized By
A Single Measurement. The Flow Behavior Of A Mixing Is Best
Described Flow Curve Relating Apparent Viscosity To Shearing Stress.
If The Shearing Stresses Operative In Sizing Were Known, Then The
Apparent Viscosity Of The Mixings At These Stresses Could Be Related
To Their Sizing Behavior. Without This Knowledge, Measurements At
Some Arbitrary Stress Have To Be Used: These Are Of Value In
Characterizing A Particular Type Of Size And Can Often Be Relate The
Take-up Of Size By The Warp.
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Visible
Absorption Spectrum
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The
Curve Relating The Absorption Of Light By A Coloured Substance
(usually In Solution) To The Wavelength Of The Light.
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| Vizard |
A
Face Mask Worn By Ladies In The 17th Century To Protect Their Faces
From The Weather Or Even Indoors. See Also Mask.
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| Voile |
A
Sheer, Plain Weave Fabric With A Crisp, Wiry Hand Resulting From The
Use Of High Twist Yarns . Most Commonly Made Of Cotton, But Also Of
Silk, Rayon, Wool, Acetate Or Other Fibers. Used For Blouses,
Dresses Curtains.
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